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The Geopolitics of Arba'in and the Construction of a New Islamic Civilization | ||
| Journal of Islamic Political Studies | ||
| مقالات آماده انتشار، پذیرفته شده، انتشار آنلاین از تاریخ 06 شهریور 1404 | ||
| نوع مقاله: Original Article | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22081/jips.2025.72467.1089 | ||
| نویسنده | ||
| mohammad sotoudeh* | ||
| Bagher al-Olum University | ||
| تاریخ دریافت: 04 مرداد 1404، تاریخ بازنگری: 06 شهریور 1404، تاریخ پذیرش: 06 شهریور 1404 | ||
| چکیده | ||
| The Arba'in pilgrimage, as a social capital for Islamic countries, with its long-standing history, especially in recent decades, has influenced the regional and global distribution of power and altered geopolitical calculations, ushering them into a new phase. The most significant geopolitical achievement of Arba'in is that it has transformed Muslim nations, which previously occupied a marginal position, into central players by leveraging their strategic location, thus creating a foundation for profound changes in the process of building the new Islamic civilization. This article, in response to the main question of what role the geopolitics of Arba'in plays in the construction of the new Islamic civilization, employs a descriptive-analytical method and uses the theoretical literature of critical geopolitics to test the hypothesis that the geopolitics of Arba'in, according to its codes—consisting of the presuppositions, principles, goals, and ideals of the Arba'in actors—has significant potential in the construction of the new Islamic civilization. These potentials are explained according to the guiding, normative, and behavioral rules.In this context, at the level of geopolitical weight and status, the evaluation and elevation of the status of Muslims in the light of Arba'in’s significance were discussed, and the concept of power accumulation, security-building, and influence was clarified. Regarding the geopolitical identity of Arba'in, three factors (place) or geography (space), networks and social relations, and (time) or history were considered. It was stated that the spiritual realm of Arba'in is not confined to the territorial borders of a single country but, like a shining sun, embraces all Muslim people. The geopolitics of Arba'in has impacted all freedom-loving humans, regardless of their ethnicity, race, or nationality. Furthermore, civil society institutions and grassroots networks have emerged spontaneously and voluntarily in collective actions to support the symbols and representations of Husayni values, playing their historical role with sincerity and spirituality in the formation of civilizational and transcendent relations within the Arba'in community.On the other hand, the long-standing history and institutionalization of this unparalleled event over time reflects the foundational roots that nourish the tree of Islamic civilization. Accordingly, the relationship between the geopolitics of Arba'in and civilization-building in terms of religious centrality, rationality, ethical transcendence, community building, and the creation of an inclusive ummah was examined. It was stated that the foundation of the new Islamic civilization is the divine values and beliefs entrusted to the great community of Arba'in. The elevated human being is the primary architect of the new Islamic civilization—humans who, based on both material and spiritual rationality, pursue divine closeness in their plans and actions. Adherence to human and elevated ethics within the Arba'in community prepares a powerful capacity for civilization-building. The formation of grassroots institutions in light of religious teachings, rational thought, and the ethics of the elevated human being illustrates capacities that can lay the groundwork for a civilizational society. This society, united by a common goal based on the deep beliefs of Arba'in, creates an inclusive ummah that transcends the state-nation and geographical borders. The phenomenon of Arba'in of Husayn (anniversary of the fortieth day of Imam al-Husayn’s martyrdom), with its long-standing history, has entered a new phase in recent decades and, in turn, has created profound and extensive capacities for the development, progress, and civilization-building of the Islamic world. The link between the geography of Arba'in and politics, culture, and civilization reflects the emergence of geopolitical changes in Islamic territories, from the national to the global level. The conceptual literature of critical geopolitics, which places intra-regional processes and non-state actors at the center of its studies, can effectively explain the geographic, cultural, political, and popular aspects of Arba'in. To this end, in the discussion of geopolitical codes, presuppositions, principles, and foundational bases shaping the perspectives and actions of actors are examined. In the study of the geopolitical weight and status of Arba'in, the accumulation of power, security-building, and the territory of influence and behavioral impact of Arba'in actors are addressed. In the explanation of the geopolitical identity, three concepts—(place) or geography (space), networks and social relations, and (time) or the history of Arba'in over the past decade—are studied in the context of new Islamic civilization-building. Studying the Arba'in pilgrimage from a critical geopolitical perspective shows that the building of the new Islamic civilization, through the production of shared values and spiritual forces, credibility and identity-building, elevating the status of Muslims, and generating common insights and awareness among Muslims about belonging to a global and inclusive group, forms the core elements of the new Islamic civilization. These shared mentalities direct collective actions that lead to civilization-building behaviors. In this article, in response to the main question of what role the geopolitics of Arba'in plays in the building of Islamic civilization, a descriptive-analytical method is employed, utilizing the theoretical literature of critical geopolitics. The hypothesis tested is that the geopolitics of Arba'in, based on its codes—which include the presuppositions and the core essence of the messages of Arba'in—and at the levels of weight and status, encompassing power, credibility, and influence, as well as at the level of identity, which includes the dimensions of place, space, and time, holds significant potential in shaping the new Islamic civilization | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| Theism؛ Security Building؛ Ummah Building؛ Ultimate Guiding Rule؛ Elevation of Values | ||
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