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Strategies of Political Justice in Imam Khomeini’s Thought | ||
| Journal of Islamic Political Studies | ||
| مقالات آماده انتشار، پذیرفته شده، انتشار آنلاین از تاریخ 06 شهریور 1404 | ||
| نوع مقاله: Original Article | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22081/jips.2025.72415.1087 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| Seyed Kazem Seyed Bagheri* 1؛ َAmir Heydari Khoyi2؛ Hossein Rezapour3 | ||
| 1Associate Professor, Department of Political Science, Islamic culture and thought research institute, Qom, Iran | ||
| 2free | ||
| 3Faculty of Medicine Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran | ||
| تاریخ دریافت: 30 تیر 1404، تاریخ بازنگری: 06 شهریور 1404، تاریخ پذیرش: 06 شهریور 1404 | ||
| چکیده | ||
| The primary aim of this study is to examine the strategies of political justice in the thought of Imam Khomeini and to analyze how this concept is articulated as a central signifier in his political discourse.** Justice occupies a pivotal and foundational position in Imam Khomeini’s theoretical and practical approach to politics, such that other key political concepts—including freedom, sovereignty, and governance—derive their meaning in relation to it. In his vision, justice is not merely a theoretical ideal or abstract philosophical value, but rather a practical and comprehensive organizing principle for both individual conduct and the structure of society and the Islamic state. Imam Khomeini conceives of justice as a divine imperative rooted in monotheism and the implementation of Islamic law (Sharī‘a), and as such, he positions justice at the very core of political legitimacy and ethical governance. Political justice, from his perspective, is a continuum of religious, ethical, and structural meanings that gain their coherence and force within a theocentric worldview. In this context, implementing divine justice is not only a social and political obligation but also a form of spiritual servitude and submission to God's will. The central question of this research is: **What are the strategies of political justice in Imam Khomeini’s thought, and how are these strategies articulated within his theological-jurisprudential framework?** The objective is to uncover how Imam Khomeini offers a systematic and actionable model of justice grounded in Islamic principles, with implications for both political organization and governance. The methodology of this study is based on discourse analysis, an approach that allows for a nuanced investigation into how concepts are constructed and deployed within texts. Through this method, the study closely examines Imam Khomeini’s speeches, writings, letters, and recorded sermons, tracing how the semantic network of justice takes form and connects with other central signifiers such as **wilāyat-i faqīh**, divine sovereignty, resistance, the oppressed (mustaḍʿafīn), and Islamic unity. By mapping these discursive elements, the research identifies the linguistic and conceptual patterns that structure Imam Khomeini’s vision of political justice and how it functions as a unifying theme throughout his political theology. The key findings of the study reveal that Imam Khomeini articulates political justice through **three overarching and interconnected strategic dimensions**: 1. **Structural Strategy:** This dimension of justice is embodied in the institutional and constitutional formation of the **Islamic Republic**. Imam Khomeini advocates for a political structure where **divine sovereignty** is operationalized through **wilāyat-i faqīh**—the guardianship of the jurist—as the embodiment of both religious legitimacy and political authority. In this view, structural justice is achieved not through secular democratic representation, but through a system that ensures the implementation of God’s law as the supreme authority. The establishment of the Islamic Republic is thus seen as a direct response to unjust and corrupt systems of governance, replacing them with a framework rooted in Islamic authenticity and moral accountability. 2. **Distributive Strategy:** This strategy emphasizes **equity and fairness** in the distribution of political rights, social opportunities, and economic resources. Imam Khomeini stresses the necessity of **broad political participation**, the elimination of class privilege, and the establishment of a **meritocratic system** in which access to leadership and service is determined by **competence, piety, and dedication** to Islamic values. From his perspective, no one should be denied political roles or societal advancement due to lineage, wealth, or social status. This strategy serves to dismantle entrenched structures of inequality and reinforce a sense of collective responsibility and shared destiny within the Islamic ummah. 3. **Restorative Strategy:** The third strategy focuses on **healing the injustices** caused by historical oppression, marginalization, and systemic inequality. It includes raising public **political consciousness**, promoting **social justice**, and offering tangible support to the **mustaḍʿafīn** (the downtrodden or underprivileged). Imam Khomeini frames this as a divine duty: the Islamic state must actively defend the rights of the weak, eradicate poverty, and strive for social balance. This strategy affirms that justice is not static but a dynamic process of restoring balance, dignity, and participation to all members of society. In conclusion, the study finds that **political justice** in Imam Khomeini’s thought is **not an abstract or utopian aspiration**, but rather a **practical criterion** for evaluating the legitimacy of political systems and institutions. It functions as the moral compass for all **social, legal, and political transformations**, guiding both the leadership and the populace toward fulfilling the divine mandate. Justice, in this framework, is the foundation of **governance, legitimacy, and human dignity**—a standard by which all aspects of public life are measured and reformed. Imam Khomeini’s integration of theological, jurisprudential, and political dimensions offers a comprehensive Islamic model in which justice governs not only law and policy but also the ethical direction of the Islamic community. Keywords: Strategies, political justice, political thought, Imam Khomeini, Islamic Republic, wilāyat-i faqīh, mustaḍʿafīn. - | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| Strategies؛ political justice؛ political thought؛ Imam Khomeini؛ Islamic Republic؛ wilāyat-i faqīh؛ mustaḍʿafīn | ||
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